Type-writing machine.



8. A, BROOKS. .TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application dud .Tm'fl, 1599.)

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I B. A. BROOKS.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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No. 678,473. I Patented July :6, 19m. B. A. BROOKS. V V

I TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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UNITED .1 STATES PATENT @rrroni.

-BYRON A. BROOKS, OF BROOKLYN, NEWYORK, AssrGNOR To THE UNION TYPEWRITERCOMPANY, OF

JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

'TYPE-WRITPNG MIAYCHIN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 678,473, dated July 16,1901. Application liled January 28, 1899. Serial No. 703,643? (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BYRON A. BROOKS, a. citizen of the United States,and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York,

5 in the county of Kings and State of New York,

have invented certain new and useful Im-' provements in'Type-WritingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates primarily to to ribbon-operatin gmechanism for type-writing machines, more particularly that class ofmachines commonly known as visible-writing machines.

Ono object of the invention is to vibrate the I 5 central portion of theribbon to and from the printing-point.

Another object is to control the longitudinal movement of theinking-ribbon by or from the carriage of the machine.

Another object is to move the ribbon 1ongitudinally by power independentof the carriage-driving spring and of the finger-pressure of theOperator.

Another object is to provide means for man- 25 ually reversing thelongitudinal travel of the ribbon; and another object is to have theribbon-spools in plain view of the operator, so that the ends of theribbon may be readily seen as they unwind from the spools and the ribbonbe reversed promptly, thus avoiding wearing holes in the same, and otherobjects,

'as will hereinafter more fullyappear.

To these ends the invention includes features of construction andcombinations of de- 3 vices hereinafter described, and more particularlypointed out in the appended claims.

The preferred form Of the invention is illustrated in the accompanyingdra\vings,'forming part'of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is acentral vertical longitudinal sectional View of'a type-writing machineembodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a transverse Verticalsectional viewupon the planes indicated in Fig. 1' by the lines X X and look- 5 ing inthe direction of the arrows thereat.

Fig. 3 is, a diagrammatic View showing the normalpo sition of parts in'-full lines, as'in lower-case Wo'rk,'and the shifted position of parts,as. in upper-case work, in dotted lines;

0 Fi 4- isa ers ective'view showin art of D D 1 the mechanism for movingthe ribbon endwise.v

Fig. 5 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of a sleeve and partof a clutch. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the ribbon-reversingmechanism, and Fig. 7 is a perspective 55 view of the'vibrator forcarrying the ribbon to and from the printing-point.

ends to cause them to move together in unison; 7, a platen-carriagecomprising ends 8, front bar 9, and rear channel-bar 10, (invert- 70ed;) 11, rollers pivotally connected with the bars 9 and 10 and bearingupon the tracks Or ways 4; 12, a platen supported by shaft 13,

journaled in the carriage ends 8; 14, a rackbar secured to the carriage7 and making an 75 angle with the vertical; 15, a broad pinion withwhich the rackbar is engaged; 16,ashaft carrying the pinion andjournaled in an ob- ;lique bearing 17, supported by arms 18, projectingupwardly and forwardly of the ma 8o chine from the rear top of the base1; 19, a

ratchet-wheel on the shaftlo and connected therewith by a pawl andratchet in a casing 21, a holding and 22 a feeding dog carried by avibratory arm 23; 24, a shaft jour- 85 naled in brackets at the rear ofthe base 1 and carrying the arm 23; 25, a spring fast at oneend to theshaft 2 L and hearing at its other end under the top of the base 1, thetension of the spring tending to hold the arm 23 9o upwardly andrearwardly; 26, a link pivoted to and projecting downwardly from the arm23 and pivotally connected with an arm 27, H projecting upwardly fromthefuniversalbar L 28; 29, arms carrying the universal bar 28 5 andprojecting forwardlyfroma pivot-bar 30;

31, overhanging arms for operating the universal bar-28 and connectingthe universal bar with key-levers 32; 33, springs connected with thekey-levers 32 and with arms 34: on '10.) shaft or rod35 for holding thekey-levers with their notched ends against. the pivot-bar 30 and acushioned stop-bar 36, the rod 35 being suitably fixed to the frame ofthe machine; 37, an arm projecting rearwardly from one of the shafts 3and pivotally connected with a rod 38, which in turn is connected with ashift-key lever 39.

The foregoing devices are or may be the same or substantially the sameas in another application for Letters Patent, filed January 28, 1899,Serial No. 703,642, or may be replaced by any other devices suitable forthe same purposes.

The ribbon mechanism forming the subjectmatter of this application willnow be described.

The ribbon 40 has its ends fastened to two spools 41 42, these spoolsbeing located in front of the platen 12 and at about the level of theaxis thereof. The ribbon passes in straight lines from one to the otherof saidv spools and through a bifurcated vibrator 43 adjacent theprinting-point. Each arm of the vibrator 43 is formed by bending a stripof metal closely about two shafts or pins 44 45 to clamp the same, andthe strips of metal beyond the shaft 45 are separated from each other toform slotted arc-shaped guides, one end of eaeh piece of metal beingbent back over itself, as illustrated in Fig. '7, but not touching theother projecting end, thus leaving two open slots 46, through which theribbon may be introduced into the vibrator and withdrawn therefrom. Theends of the shafts 44 45 project beyond the vibrator 43, and the ends ofshaft 45 rest loosely in slotted areshaped guides 47, while the ends ofshaft 44 fit more closely in the said guides 47. The guides 47 areformed of sheet-metal fingers bent back upon each other and secured byrivets 48, as indicated in Fig. 7. The guides 47 are formed upon an arcof such radius, and the center of the are is placed relativelyto theaxis 13 of the platen 12, and the vibrator 43 is so disposed relativelyto its guide-rods 44 45 as will secure that the vibrator 43 shall notonly move circumferentiallyof the platen, but shall also have a turningmotion toward the platen as the rods 44 45 are moved backward and upwardin the slots of the guides 47, thus bringing the vibrator 43 to thesurface of the platen, with the ribbon over the printingpoint, saidturning movement being independent of the device by which the vibratoris operated or lifted. The guides 47 are formed from one piece of metal,as indicated at 49, and are attached to the front carriageguide rod ortrack 4 by screws 50, which pass through perforations 51 in the part 49and enterthreaded holes in the rod 4, the connection being a loose oneto allow the guides 47 to have play to aid in bringing the ribbon 40close to the platen. A sleeve 52 fits loosely upon the rod 44 betweenguides 43 and is provided with a projecting arm 53, to which one end ofa connecting-rod 54 is attached. The other end of the rod 54 ispivotally connected with an arm 55, projecting forwardly cra t/ with arearwardly-extending arm, to which one end of a rod 59 is pivotallyconnected, the other end of said rod 59 being connected with a universalbar 60, extending under the key-levers 32. The bar 60 is carried by arms61, pivoted to the frame 1 at 62. A spring 63 has one end caughtunderneath a rib 64 on the frame 1, then passes over and in contact withthe bar 30, and the other end of said spring lies under and pressesupward against the universal bar 60 to maintain the same in contact withthe key-levers The ribbon-spools 41 and 42 are mounted in a suitablemanner upon the upper ends of shafts 65. The shafts 65 are journaled inarms 66 67 of side standards or risers 68 at the sides of the machine,the shafts being provided with shoulders for resting on the tops of thelugs 66 and with collars 69 below the lugs 66 for preventing endwisemotion of the shafts. Hence each spool is capable of a rotary movement,but is incapable of an axial movement-that is, a movement longitudinallyof its shaft. Leaf-springs 70 have oneend secured to the standards 68and the other ends bent around and pressing against the shafts 65 tofurnish frictional brakes for preventing too rapid unwinding of theribbon from the spools. Just above the bearing 67 each shaft 65 isprovided with a loose sleeve 71 thereon, and the sleeve is provided witha pinion 72 and with beveled radial teeth 73 on the end of the sleeveand forming one member of a clutch. The lower part of each shaft 65 isprovided with alongitudinal groove 74 therein, and on said shaft asleeve 75 is loosely mounted to move endwise thereof and which isprevented from turning on the shaft by a pin 76, fast in thesleeve andprojecting into the groove 74. The upper end of each sleeve '75 isprovided with a flange 77 and the lower end with ratchet or bevel teeth78, adapted to engage with the teeth 73. The endwise motion of eachsleeve 75 is sufficient to cause the engagement and disengagement ofteeth 73 and 78 of the clutches.

The flanges 77 form part of a mechanism for engaging and disengaging theteeth 78 and the teeth 73 of the clutches, as will next be described. Ateach side of the machine and journaled in the corresponding riser 68 isa short shaft 79, provided at one end with a cam-arm 80, adapted toengage underneath the associated flange 77, and at the other end saidshaft is provided with an arm 81, connected by a slot and pin 82 with anarm 83, projecting forwardly from shaft 57 aforesaid. The cams S0 at thetwo sides of the machine are oppositely disposed-that is to say, one isadapted'to raise or lift its associated flange, sleeve 75, and clutchmember 78, while the other is adapted to simultaneously release itsassociated sleeve 75, flange 77, and clutch member78 to permit them tofall or move downward into engagement with the corresponding clutchmember 73. Thus one ribbon-spool shaft is disengaged fromits drivingpinion 72, while the other spool-shaft 65 is connected with itsdriving-pinion 72 simultaneously. The ends of the shaft 57 are providedwith knurled thumbwheels 84, by which the shaft may be rotated at willto reverse the travel of the ribbon. As shown in the drawings, the spool41 is disconnected from and the spool 42 is connected with its pinion72. By turning the shaft 57 in the direction of the arrow on Fig. 2 thesleeve 75 at the right-hand side is lifted to disengage the clutch atthat side, while the sleeve 75 at the left-hand side of the machine'islowered to engage the clutch thereon, and thus disconnect the spool 42from its pinion 72 and connect the spool 41 with its pinion 72. In otherwords, the spools are alternately engaged with and disengaged from theribbondriving mechanism.

The means by which the pinions 72 and the ribbon -spools are driven willnext be described. At the inner side of each pinion 72 is a bar 85,provided with teeth 86 for engaging with the pinion 72 continuously. Thebars during the operation of the machine are moved forward and backwardupon the frame 1, being guided in such motion by the slots 87 in thebars and pins or studs 88 on the base 1. The means shown forreciprocating the bars 85 comprise springs 89, connected with pins 90 onthe bars and with pins 91 on the framework of the machine for moving thebars in one direction, and also guide-pins 92, projecting upwardly fromthe bars and between which crank-pins 93 engage, the said crank-pinsbeing carried by arms 94, projecting downwardly from a rockshaft 95,which is suitably journaled in the risers or standards 2 and is providedwith a rearwardly-extending arm 96, curved to pass beneath the front rod4 of the carriage-track and extending rearwardly in position to beengaged bya bar 97, fast to the carriage 7 and extending in a directionoblique to the line of the carriage. The cam-bar 97 comprises a plate orbar secured to the carriage 7, so as to have its lower or working faceor edge inclining upwardly from left'to right.

of the machine, whence it results that the arm '96 may be in a moreelevated position when the carriage 7 is at the extreme left hand of itsmotion than at any other time and that the arm 96 is depressed to thefull extent when the carriage is at'its extreme right-hand position. Theparts are so arranged that the springs 89, exerting their strengththrough the bars 85, arms 94, and shaft 95, cause the arm 96 to pressupwardly against the cam-bar 97, whence itresults that the retraction ofthe carriage 7 causes the cam-bar 97 to depress the, arm 96 and rock theshaft and arms 94, and thus move the bars 85 from their rearwardpositions (shown in full lines in Fig. 4) to their forward posi-' tions,or that shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. During the forward mot-ion ofthe bars the clutch members 73 rotate reversely, and so slip by theclutch members 78 without actuating the same to rotate the shafts 65. Onthe movement of the carriage 7 toward the left-hand side of the machinethe springs 89 retract the bars 85, thus causing the pinions 72 andclutch members 73 to be rotated in the direction in which they move fordriving or rotating that shaft 65 which may be connected with itsdriving mechanism, and thus wind the ribbon onto the correspondingspool.

Each key-lever 32 is connected to and operates a type-bar 98 to move thesame from the position shown in full lines in Fig. 1 to the positionshown in full lines in Fig. 3. Any suitable mechanism may be used forthe purpose of operating the type-bars,since typeoperating mechanismforms no part of the present invention. The type-bar operating mechanismshown in the drawings, however, forms the subject-matter of my aforesaidapplication for Letters Patent and which is briefly described below.Each type-bar is pivoted at or near the angle or bend of an L- shapedtype-bar hanger 99, secured to one or the other of two arc-shapedtype-bar-hanger supports 100 101 in front of and below theprinting-point. Bell-levers 102 are pivoted at 103 to the free ends ofone arm of the l.- shaped type-bar hangers and are connected with thecorresponding type-bars by eccentric-toothed gearing 104. Eachbell-lever is connected with the corresponding key-lever 32 by means ofa connecting-rod 105, which is pivotally connected to the bell-lever andthe key=lever.

The operation of the foregoing devices is as follows: Upon thedepression of a key-lever 32 the universal bar 60 is carried downwardthereby, and the bar 60, through the connecting-rod 59, arm 55, and link54, causes the ribbon-vibrator 43 to move upwardly, and

IIO

the described connection between the ribbon- Vibrator 43 and therelatively fixed guides 47 causes the ribbon-vibrator 43 to moveupwardly and rearwardly to bring the ribbon closelfy adjacent to theplaten near and over the printing-point, so that upon the impact of thetype the ribbon will be carried against the platen and the impressionwill be made upon the substance upon the platen. The depression of thekey-lever also throws the corresponding type-bar 98 rearwardly anddownwardly to cause the impact of the type, as above described. Also theoverhangs 31 depress the universal bar 38, and this universal barthrough the described connections rocks the arm 23 forwardly anddownwardly to bring the holdingdog 21 into engagement with theescapement-wheel 19. Upon the release of the depressed key the spring 33lifts the lever 32, and the lever, operating through the rod 105 and thebell-lever 102,

returns the type-bar to normal position. At the same time the spring 63returns the universal bar to its normal position, and the bar 60,connecting through the rod 59, lever 55, and the link 5t, moves theribbonvibrator 43 downwardly to normal position, thus uncovering theprinting-point and leaving the same in plain view of the operator, whomay examine the imprints without craning the neck or moving the body. Atthe same time the spring 25 returns the bar 23 to the position shown inFig. 1 and the type-writer carriage 7 is moved forward one letter-space,being drawn by a suitable spring-drum 106 and a connection between thedrum and the carriage. The ribbon-vibrator guide being connected to theobliquely-shifting carriage and platen, it and the vibrator and theribbon all shift with the platen, and hence the relationship of theseparts is maintained at all timesthat is to say, in both the lower andupper case position of the platen. Assuming that the carriage 7 is atthe extreme right hand of its limit of traverse, the relative positionsof the arm 96 and bar 97 are as illustrated in dotted lines 96 and 97 inFig. 4, at which time the bars 85 are in their forward positions (alsoindicated in Fig. tin dotted lines) and the springs 89 are placed undertension. Upon the depression and release of the keys thereafter thecarriage moves to the left in the usual manner and the bar 97 byreleasing the arm 96 to a small extent allows the springs 89 to draw thebars 85 rearward of the machine a corresponding amount, thus rotatingthe gears or pinions 72 and through the described clutch connectionsrotating one of the spools all 42 to wind the ribbon thereon and to drawitfrom the other spool. It will thus be seen that the ribbon is woundfrom one spool to the other by the force of springs put under tensionwhen the carriage is returned to the right-hand side of the machine andthat the winding from one spool to the other takes place evenly andautomatically during the step-by-step movement of the carriage to theleft and by the contraction of the springs 89. When the carriage hasreached its extreme left-hand position, the relative positions of thearm 96 and the bar 97 are as indicated in Fig. 4: by the full lines forthe arm 96 and by the dotted lines 97 for the bar 97. Upon returning thecarriage from the left the bar 97 moves in the direction of the arrow atFig. 4 and depresses the arm 96 from the position shown in full lines tothe position shown in dotted lines, and in doing so the shaft 95 isrocked and the arms 9% more the bars 85 forwardly of the machine, thusputting the springs 80 under tension again. It will be observed thatboth ribbon-spools remain m0- tionless during the return stroke of thecarriage.

While one object of the invention is to move the ribbon longitudinallyby power independent of the carriage-driving power and of thefinger-pressure of the operator, it is obvious that in so far as certainfeatures of myinvention are concerned any spring or springs or springmechanism other than the springs 89 may be employedas, for instance, thecarriage-driving spring-and hence, so far as certain features of myinvention are concerned, it is not essential that the racks 86 be movedin one direction by means independent of they carriage andcarriage-driving spring, and it will be understood that while I preferto use.

the independent springs 89 any other spring or springs having some otherfunction or duty as well to perform may be employed to serve thefunctions of thelatter, which in the example shown have only one officeto perform.

Various features of construction shown and described herein, but notclaimed, are setrforth and claimed in an application filed by meFebruary 20, 1900, Serial No. 5,901, the samebeing a division of myaforesaid application, Serial No. 703,642, filed January 28, 1899.

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage, a camcontrolled by the car riage, a ribbon-spool shaft, andspool-shaftrotating mechanism arranged wholly between said cam and saidribbon-spool shaft and connecting the two together, whereby the shaftand the intervening connecting mechanism alone effect a rotativemovement of the shaft.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spool shafts, acarriage, a cam on said carriage, a mechanism for and rotating'each ofsaid shafts and connected with said cam, and adjustable means fordisengaging and engaging said mechanisms and shafts in alternationwhereby the ribbon may be wound upon .either spoolat will.

3. In a type-writing machine, the,combina tion of a platen-carriage, arock-shaft operated by a longitudinal movement of the carriage, ribbon-spools, an inkingribbon mounted thereon and connections between saidspools and said rock-shaft for operating the spools to feed the ribbonlongitudinally, without axial movement of the spools.

4. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage providedwith a cam, an arm or lever working against said cam, a rockshaftconnected to said arm and to the ribbon-spools, and means connectingsaid shaft with the spools whereby a rotary movement only is imparted tothe latter by the longitudinal motion of the platen-carriage in onedirection in order to feed the ribbon longitudinally.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen-carriage, acam thereon, a rock-shaft provided with an arm, a spring for pressingsaid arm. against the cam, whereby the rock-shaft is rotated in onedirection by the cam surface and in the other by the spring, and aribbon-spool shaft connected by shaft-rotating mechanism to saidrock-shaft,

said shaft rotating mechanism being arranged wholly between saidspool-shaft and said rock-shaft, whereby a rotary movement iscommunicated to said spool-shaft.

'6, In a type-writing machine, the combina tion of'a platen, acarriage,'a pair of ribbonspools 'mountedin front of the platen uponupright shafts, means arranged between the spools for moving a portionofthe ribbon width wise to cover and uncover the printingpoint, a cammounted upon the carriage and extending longitudinally thereof,arock-shaft extending transversely of the machine and having an arm, aspring for retaining said arm against said cam, and means for enablingsaid rock-shaft to impart only a rotary movement to said spool-shafts,

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination of an inking-ribbon,ribbon-spools, ribbon-spool shafts, a platen-carriage, an oblique barconnected and moving with said carriage, means for rotating one of saidribbon-spool shafts without moving the latter endwise and connectionsbetween said means and said oblique bar, the whole being arranged torotate the shaft during the forward motion of the carriage only,substantially as described.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination of an inking-ribbon,ribbon-spools, ribbon-spool shafts,independent to-and-fro movable racksconnected with and for rotating said shafts each in one direction only,and disconnectible therefrom, a platencarriage, an oblique bar on saidcarriage, and connections between said bar and said shaft-operatingracks for controlling the same,whereby the ribbon is movedlongitudinally only as the carriage moves in one direction.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of an inking-ribbon,ribbon-spools, ribbon-spool shafts, a platen-carriage, an oblique bar onsaid carriage, a rock-shaft connected with said bar to be moved thereby,two similar mechanisms for rotating said spool-shafts and connected withsaid rockshaft and each having a disconnectible part, with means fordisengaging said oblique bar from said shafts in alternation and saidmechanisms being adapted to rotate their shafts each in but onedirection, the whole being arranged to rotate a ribbon-spool shaft onlyas the carriage moves forward.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-spool shaft,a pinion, a clutch, an endwise-movable rack engaging said pinion, arock-shaft connected with said rack to move the same endwise, an arm onsaid rock-shaft, a carriage and an oblique bar on and moving with saidcarriage and operating said rock-shaft arm.

11. Ina type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-spool, a shaftcarrying the spool, a pinion, a clutch connecting the shaft and pinion,a reciprocatory rack engaging said pinion, a carriage, a cam-bar on thecarriage, and connections intermediate the cambar and the rack formoving the latter endwise.

12.' In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-spool shaft,a pinion, a clutch connecting the shaft and pinion, an endwise-movablerack engaging said pinion, a spring for moving the rack endwise in onedirection, a carriage, a bar on said carriage having one edge or faceinclined or oblique to the direction of motion of the carriage, arocker-arm connected with the rack to move the same and to be movedthereby under the action of said spring and bearing against the saidinclined or oblique edge of said bar under the action of the spring formoving the rack, whereby the rack is moved in one direction by theoperation of said bar and in the other direction by the said spring,substantially as described.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-spool shaft,a pinion, a clutch for connecting said shaft and said pinion, areciprocatory rack engaging said pinion, a carriage, a cam-bar on saidcarriage, a rock-shaft provided with two arms one of which is operatedby said cam-bar and means for connecting the other arm with said rackfor moving the rack endwise, substantially as described.

14. In a type-writing machine, the combi' nation of a ribbon-spoolshaft, a pinion, a clutch for connecting the shaft and pinion, anendwise-movable rack engaging said pinion, a spring for moving the rackendwise in one direction, a carriage, a bar on said carriage having oneedge or face oblique to the line of travel of the carriage, a rock-shafthaving an arm bearing against said oblique face or edge, and a secondarm on said shaft connected with the rack bar to move the same againstthe force of said spring and to be moved by said spring and rack,whereby the first-named arm is held in contact with the oblique or camface of said bar on the carriage.

15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of two ribbon-spoolshafts, two pinions, clutches for connecting said pinions and saidshafts, means for holdingsaid clutches out of operative position one ata time, recip rocatory racks engaging said pinions, a carriage, acam-bar on said carriage, and connections intermediate the cam-bar andthe racks for moving the latter endwise, substantially as described.

16. In a type-writing machine, the combination of two ribbon-spoolshafts, a pinion for each shaft, a clutch for connecting each pinionwith its shaft, means for holding said clutches out of action one at atime, a reciprocatory rack for and engaging each of said pinions,springs for moving said bars endwise in one direction, a carriage, a baron said carriage having one face or edge oblique to the direction ofmotion of said carriage,

an arm for coaction with said oblique face of said bar, and connectionsintermediate said arm and said rack-bars for moving the rackbars endwiseagainst the force of said springs and moved by said bars and springs tobring said arm against said oblique face of the carriage-bar.

17. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spool shafts,apinion for each shaft, a clutch for connectingeaeh pinion with itsshaft, means for holding said clutches alternately out of operation, anendwise-movable rack for and engaging each pinion, springs for movingsaid racks endwise in one direction, a carriage, a bar on the carriagehaving a face oblique to the direction of the motion of the carriage, arock-shaft, an arm on said shaft adapted to engage with said obliqueface, and other arms on said shaft connected with said rack-bars formoving them against the force of said springs and moved by said springsand racks to hold the firstnamed arm against said oblique bar.

18. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spool shafts,oscillatory pinions for operating said shafts, means for oscillatingsaid pinions, clutches for connecting said pinions with their respectiveshafts, a

, flanged sleeve on and movable endwise only of each shaft and carryingeach one member of the corresponding clutch, oppositely-acting cams forengaging said flanges to move the sleeves eudwise of the shafts, andmeans for simultaneously operating said cams in the same directionwhereby one clutch is engaged and the other clutch is disengaged and thedirection of the ribbon travel is reversed.

19. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a carriage,a pair of ribbon-spools mounted in front of the platen upon uprightshafts, means arranged between the spools for moving a portion of theribbon widthwise to cover and uncover the printingpoint, a cam mountedupon the carriage and extendinglongitudinally thereof, a rock-shaftextending transversely of the machine and having an arm engaged by saidcam, pinions upon said spool-shafts, means for enabling said rock-shaftto oscillate said pinions, and means for operatively connecting saidpinions with their respective shafts in alternation.

20. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spool shafts,driving mech anism for operating said shafts, said driving mechanismincluding clutches having members rotatable with and movable longitudinally of said shafts for engaging and disengaging the clutches, flangesconnected with said clutch members on the shafts, oppositelyacting camsconstructed to directly engage said flanges, and means forsimultaneously operating said cams to disengage one and reengage theother of said clutches whereby the direction of travel of the ribbon isreversed, substantially as described.

21. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spool shafts,clutch members rotated with and movable lengthwise of said shaft,oscillatory pinions provided with clutch members for engaging theaforesaid clutch members on said shafts, means for driving said pinions,a rock-shaft, and connections between said rock-shaft and saidspool-shaft clutch members for moving the said members alternately intoengagement with the pinion clutch members, substantially as described.

22. In a type-writing machine, the combination ofribbon-spool shaftsprovided with longitudinal grooves 74, sleeves on said shafts and eachhaving a pin 76 engaging the corresponding groove 74, flanges 77, clutchmembers 78, pinions 72, clutch members 73 connected with said pinions,movable rackbars engaging said pinions, means for reciprocating saidrack-bars with the carriage, re- Verse-cams 80, arms 81 connected withsaid cams, rock-shaft 57, arms 83 on said shaft and connected with arms81 to rock the same, and a thumb wheel or button on said shaft 57 foroperating the same.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, anobliquely-shifting carriage therefor, ribbon -spools on the main frame,and a ribbon-guide attached to the shifting carriage mechanism wherebythe guide and ribbon are shifted obliquely when the platen is shifted.

24. In a type-writing machine, the combination of an obliquely-shiftingplaten-carriage, a ribbon-vibrator, and means by which said vibrator isshifted obliquely when the platen is shifted.

25. In a type-writing machine, the combition of a platen, anobliquely-shifting platencarriage, a ribbon-vibrator, and a guide forsaid vibrator attached to the carriage-shifting mechanism whereby thevibrator is shifted obliquely with the platen.

26. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, anobliquely-shifting earriage therefor, type-bars arranged to strike onthe platen in View of the operator, a ribbon mounted on spools, aribbon-vibrator through which said ribbon passes, and means forvibrating the same to expose the print ing-point, part of said vibratingmeans being attached to or mounted upon the carriageshifting mechanism,whereby the ribbon-vibrator is moved obliquely with the shifting platen.

27. In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, aninking-ribbon normally at the front side of said platen and below theprinting-point, a ribbon-vibrator and means for turning said vibratorand moving the same upward and backward to carry the ribbon over theprinting-point and for returning the ribbon and vibrator to normalposition.

28. In a type-writing machine, the combithe printing-point at its upperfront side, an.

inking-ribbon normally extending along in front of the platen and belowthe printingpoint, a ribbon-vibrator and a curved guide for saidvibrator whereby the vibrator slides and turns asit is moved toward andfrom the printing-point.

29. In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, aninking-ribbon extending along in front of the platen and below theprinting-point, a ribbonvibrator, and a pivotallymounted curved guidefor said vibrator, whereby the vibrator slides and turns as it is movedtoward and from the printing-point and the guide yields readily topermit the vibrator to be close to the platen at the moment of impact ofthe type.

30; In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, aninking-ribbon normally extending along in front of the platen and belowthe printingpoint, a ribbon-vibrator, a curved guide for said vibrator,a lever connected to the vibrator, a universal bar, and connectionsbetween said lever and said bar.

31. In a type-writing machine, the co1nbination of type mechanism,a-platen having the printing-point at its upper front side, aninking-ribbon normally extending along in front of the platen, aribbon-vibrator, a pivotally-mounted curved guide for said Vibrator, alever, a universal bar, and rods connecting-the lever with the vibratorand the bar.

32. In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, ribbon-spoolsin front of the platen and on the framework, an inking-ribbon passinghorizontally from one to the other of said spools and below theprinting-point, a ribbon-Vibrator adjacent the printing-point, and acurved guide along which the vibrator is moved and by which it is causedto turn as the vibrator carries the ribbon over and from theprintingpoint.

33. In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, ribbon-spoolsat the front of and adjacent the platen and having vertical axes, aninkingribbon passing from one to the other of said spools, aribbon-vibrator normally on the same level as the spools, means foroperating the Vibrator, and means for causing saidvibrator to turnindependently of said operating means as it is moved upward and rearwardand back again from normal position to carry the ribbon over and fromthe printingpoint.

34. In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, ribbon-spoolsat the front of and adjacent the platen and having vertical axes, aninkingribbon passing from one to the other of said spools and aribbon-vibrator normally on the same level as said spools, a curvedguide for said vibrator, and means for connecting the vibrator with theguide whereby the Vibrator is given a turning movement as it is movedalong said guide to carry the ribbon over and from the printing-point.

35. In a type-writing machine, the combination of axially-motionlessribbon-spools, a carriage, a cam controlled by said carriage, andmechanism connecting said cam to said ribbon-spools and constructed torotate the latter. h

36. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, shaftstherefor, a carriage, a cam controlled by said carriage, and mechanismcontrolled by said cam for rotating said spool-shafts without impartingendwise movement to the latter.

37. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair ofribbon-spools, a pair of vertical shafts upon which said spools aremounted, a platen-carriage arranged in rear of said spools, a camcontrolled by said carriage, and means controlled by said cam forrotating said spools.

38. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair ofribbon-spools, a platen arranged in rear thereof, a series ofkey-controlled type-bars constructed and arranged to strike the platenupon the upper front side thereof, a power driven carriage for saidplaten, means for shifting said carriage obliquely, means forcontrolling the letter-space movements of said carriage in either of itsshifted positions, and means controlled by said shifting carriage forrotating said ribbon-spools.

39. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, a carriage,a cam mounted upon the carriage and extending longitudinally thereof, arock-shaft having'an arm engaging said cam, a pair of racks operated bysaid rock-shaft, a pair of vertical ribbon-spool shafts having pinionsengaging said racks,

and means for effecting a disconnection between said racks and saidshafts in alternation.

40. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair ofribbon-spools having vertical axes, ribbon winding mechanism, a platenarranged in rear of the spools, a carriage for said platen, a series ofkey-controlled type-bars arranged forwardly of the platen andconstructed to strike the platen upon its upper front side, so that theface of the type when printing lies in an oblique plane, and meanssupported upon the frame of the machine and arranged between the spoolsfor automatically lifting a portion of the ribbon upwardly andpresenting said portion to the type so that said portion lies in a planewhich is oblique to said spool-axes and substantially parallel with theface of the type when printing, and then automatically returning saidICC portion to a normal position so as to expose the printing-point.

41. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair ofribbon-spools having vertical axes, ribbon winding mechanism, a platenarranged in rear of the spools, a carriage for said platen, means forshifting said carriage and platen obliquely, a series of keycontrolledtype-bars arranged forwardly of the platen and constructed to strike theplaten upon its upper front side, so that the face of the type whenprinting lies in an oblique plane, and means supported upon the frame ofthe machine and arranged between the spools for automatically lifting aportion of the ribbon upwardly and presenting said portion to the type,so that said portion lies in a plane which oblique to said spool axesand substantially parallel with the face of the type when printing, andso that said portion covers the printing-point at either of the shiftpositions of said platen and carriage, and then automatically returningsaid portion to a normal position so as to expose the printing-point.

42. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, anobliquely-shifting carriage therefor, an obliquely-shifting frameengaging said carriage, a guide mounted upon said frame and shiftingtherewith, and a ribbon-vibrator mounted upon the framework of themachine and working in said guide.

43. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, an obliquelyshifting platen-carriage, a guide arranged in front of the platen, meansfor shifting said guide obliquely when the platen is shifted, and aribbon-vibrator mounted upon the framework of the machine and working insaid guide.

44:. In a type-writingmachine, thecombi nation of a platen, an obliquelyshifting platen-carriage, a slotted guide connected to a part of thecarriage-shifting mechanism and extending up in front of the platen, anda ribbon-vibrator mounted upon the framework of the machine and workingin the slots in said guide.

45. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen, an obliquelyshifting carriage therefor, type-bars arranged to strike on the platenin view of the operator, spools arranged in front of the platen, aribbon-vibrator arranged between the spools and mounted upon theframework of the machine, and a curved guide connected to a portion ofthe carriage-shifting mechanism and engaging said ribbon-vibrator.

46. In a type-writing machine, the combination of type mechanism, aplaten having the printing-point at its upper front side, a carriage, anobliquely-shifting carriage-rail arranged below the platen, a guideattached at its lower end to said rail and extending upwardly in frontof the platen in proximity to the printing-point and having a curvedslot, a ribbon-vibrator having means for engaging said slotand pivotedat its lower end upon an arm 55 pivotally mounted upon the framework ofthe machine, and means controlled by the keys for vibrating said arm.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, this 27th day of January, A. D. 1899.

BYRON A. BROOKS.

\Vitnesses:

Gno. K. GILLULY, E. M. WELLS.

